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Addition the most important arithmetic operator because it can be used to perform Subtraction, Multiplication and Division  as well.

 

 
bullet Adder (the electronic version :-)  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adder_(electronics)
bullet Interactive Adders test (Try it):     http://users-tima.imag.fr/cis/guyot/Cours/Oparithm/english/Additi.htm
bullet Floating point addition:                 http://users-tima.imag.fr/cis/guyot/Cours/Oparithm/english/Flottan.htm
bullet Floating point addition - VHDL:     http://users-tima.imag.fr/cis/guyot/Cours/Oparithm/english/Flott2.htm

 

Conclusion of these pages

With a Hardware Description Language like VHDL can you describe any circuit structure and functionality you would like to have (for instance a Carry Look a Head adder).

But if your planning to implement the design in a FPGA - the name of the game changes.
The resources inside a FPGA (XiLinx, Altera, Latice etc) trimmed for optimal performance and the synthesise tool will use your description to choose the best implementation.

In the case Adders - Use a simple behavioural description of the adder and your getting the best performance and result.